Title of the article:

THE CORE OF THE CULTURAL CODE OF THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE AS A DETERRENT TO RESSENTIMENT

Author(s):

Nadezhda N. Isachenko

Information about the author/authors

Nadezhda N. Isachenko — PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanities and Technologies, Tyumen Industrial University, Volodarsky St., 38, 650000 Tyumen, Russia. ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7246-5822 E-mail: isachenkonadezhda@mail.ru

Section

Theory and history of culture

Year

2022

Volume

Vol. 63

Pages

pp. 76–88

Received

March 16, 2021

Approved after reviewing

July 18, 2021

Date of publication

March 28, 2022

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2022-63-76-88

Index UDK

008

Index BBK

71.05(2)

Abstract

In recent decades, the idea of recognizing resentment as a characteristic feature of the Russian people has been strongly implanted in a collective consciousness, producing a negative impact on the formation of the image of Russia, the people, and undermining the country's authority, both in the world community and in the eyes of its own citizens. In this regard, the paper looked to determine the validity of such a statement. To meet this objective the author involved an extensive material on Russian culture and specifics of the Russian people`s character in a cultural and historical context: from Ancient Russia to the modern stage of civilizational development. The character of the Russian people and its cultural code have been formed over the centuries, enriched by their own and world experience under the influence of various factors. It was determined that, as in any other country, ressentiment emerged at crucial moments in the state`s history: during wars, revolutions, crises accompanied by the transformation of the value system, the crisis of culture. Russian culture is characterized by tolerance, kindness, forgiveness, generosity, mercy, compassion, which gives grounds to the following idea: envy, hatred, meanness, and revenge, which contribute to the formation of ressentiment, are not characteristic for a Russian person, therefore, ressentiment is not a characteristic feature of the Russian people. The paper articulates the idea that any position that asserts ressentiment as a characteristic feature of a nation or ethnic group, is a delusion. Resentment is formed in the presence of unfavorable socio-economic and cultural conditions in individual individuals, groups, marginal communities outside of belonging to a particular nation or ethnic group. Still the modern society gives shelter to the factors that contribute to the formation of ressentiment and its dissemination through information and communication technologies. The paper comes up with methods of preventing ressentiment.

Keywords

ressentiment, the core of the cultural code, moral improvement, transformation of the value system, the crisis of culture, the charge of ressentiment.

References

1 Berdiaev N. A. Konstantin Leont'ev. Ocherk iz istorii russkoi religioznoi mysli [Konstantin Leontiev. An Essay from the History of Russian Religious Thought]. Moscow, Direkt-Media Publ., 2008. 333 p. (In Russian)

2 Berdiaev N. A. O vlasti prostranstv nad russkoi dushoi [Court of Justice of Russia]. In: Sud'ba Rossii [Fate of Russia]. Moscow, Filosofskoe obshchestvo SSSR Publ., 1990. 246 p. (In Russian)

3 Berdiaev N. A. O naznachenii cheloveka: Opyt paradoksal'noi etiki (Proiskhozhdenie dobra i zla) [The Destiny of Man: An Essay in Paradoxical Ethics (The Origin of Good and Evil) ]. Moscow, AST Publ., 2010. 383 p. (In Russian)

4 Berdiaev N. A. Russkaia ideia: Osnovnye problemy russkoi mysli XIX veka i nachala XX veka: Sud'ba Rossii [Russian Russian Idea: The Main Issues of Russian Thought of the 19th Century and the beginning of the 20th century: The Fate of Russia]. Moscow, ZAO “Svarog i K.”, 1997. 541 p. (In Russian)

5 Bulgakov S. N. O sotsial'nom ideale [About the social ideal]. In: Vlast' i pravo: Iz istorii rus. pravovoi mysli [Power and Law: From the History of Russian Legal Thought], compiled by A. V. Poliakov, I. Iu. Kozlikhin. Leningrad, Lenizdat Publ., 1990. 317 p. (In Russian)

6 Gumilev L. N. Etnogenez i biosfera zemli [Ethnogenesis and the Earth's biosphere]. Moscow, Airis-press Publ., 2011. 560 p. (In Russian)

7 Il'in I. A. O Rossii. 3 rechi. 1926–1933 [About Russia. 3 speeches. 1926–1933]. Il'in I. A. Sobranie sochinenii: v 10 t. [Collected works: in 10 vols.], compiled by Iu. T. Lisitsa. Moscow, Russkaia kniga Publ., 1996. Vol. 6. Book 1. 592 p. (In Russian)

8 Il'in I. A. Sushchnost' i svoeobrazie russkoi kul'tury [The essence and originality of Russian culture]. Moscow, Russkaia kniga-XXI vek Publ., 2007. 472 p. (In Russian)

9 Isachenko N. N. Ressentiment kak sotsial'noe iavlenie sovremennogo obshchestva [Ressentiment as a social phenomenon of modern society]. Obshchestvo: filosofiia, istoriia, kul'tura, 2018, no 4, pp. 12–14. (In Russian)

10 Isachenko N. N. Ressentiment kak tsivilizatsionnoe iavlenie [Ressentiment as a civilizational phenomenon]. Manuskript, 2019, vol. 12, no 11, pp. 211–214. (In Russian)

11 Karaganov S. Izbezhat' Afganistana-2 [To Avoid Afghanistan-2]. In: Vedomosti. 28.07.2014. Available at: http://www.vedomosti.ru/opinion/news/2950 (accessed 19 February 2021). (In Russian)

12 Kliuchevskii V. O. Russkaia istoriia. Polnyi kurs lektsii: v 3 t. [Russian history. Full course of lectures: in 3 vols.]. Moscow, AST. Kharvest Publ., 2016. Vol. 3. 642 p. (In Russian)

13 Kozyr'kov V. P. Rossiiskii variant ressentimenta (sotsiokul'turnye istoki krizisa ratsional'nosti) [Russian version of Ressentiment (socio-cultural origins of the crisis of rationality) ]. In: Estestvennonauchnoe i gumanitarnoe znanie v tsifrovoi vek. Materialy tret'ei mezhvuzovskoi nauchnoi konferentsii, sostoiavsheisia 4–7 dekabria 2000 g. [Natural science and humanities in a digital age. Proceedings of the third intercollegiate scientific conference held on December 4-7, 2000]. Nizhnii Novgorod, Izdatel'stvo NNGU Publ., 2001, pp. 121–131. (In Russian)

14 Kostina E. A., Egorychev, A. M., Riger A. Russkie: kharakter, mental'nost', stereotipy povedeniia [Russian: character, mentality, behavior patterns]. Vestnik NGPU, 2013, no 6, pp. 116–128. (In Russian)

15 Kunitsyn A. P. Pravo estestvennoe [Natural Law]. In: Russkie prosvetiteli (ot Radishcheva do dekabristov) [Russian Enlighteners (from Radishchev to the Decembrists) ]. Moscow, Mysl' Publ., 1966. 478 p. (In Russian)

16 Losskii N. O. Usloviia absoliutnogo dobra: Osnovy etiki; Kharakter russkogo naroda [Conditions of Absolute Good: The Foundations of Ethics; The Character of the Russian people]. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1991. 368 p. (In Russian)

17 Medvedev S. Russkii ressentiment [Russian ressentiment]. Otechestvennye zapiski, 2014, no 6 (63). Available at: http: magazines.russ.ru (accessed 19 February 2021). (In Russian)

18 Nitsshe F. K genealogii morali. Sochineniia: v 2 t. [On the genealogy of morality. Essays: in 2 vols.]. Moscow, Mysl' Publ., 1996. Vol. 2. 829 p. (In Russian)

19 Orbel N. ECCELIBER. Nietzsche.ru. Available at: http://www.nietzsche.ru/biograf/bibliothek/ecce-liber/ (accessed 19 February 2021). (In Russian)

20 Platonov O. A. Rus' i okaiannaia nerus'. Russkaia tsivilizatsiia protiv mirovogo zla [Rus` and the damned non-Rus`. Russian civilization against the world's evil]. Moscow, Algoritm Publ., 2005. 704 p. (In Russian)

21 Platonov O. A. Russkaia tsivilizatsiia. Istoriia i ideologiia russkogo naroda [Russian civilization. History and ideology of the Russian people]. Moscow, Algoritm Publ., 2010. 944 p. (In Russian)

22 Rankur-Lafer'er D. Rossiia i russkie glazami amerikanskogo psikhoanalitika: v poiskakh natsional'noi identichnosti [Russia and the Russians through the eyes of an American psychoanalyst: in Search of National Identity]. Moscow, Ladomir Publ., 2003. 286 p. (In Russian)

23 Sergeeva A. V. Russkie: stereotipy povedeniia, traditsii, mental'nost' [Russians: behavioral stereotypes, traditions, and mentality]. Moscow, Flinta, Nauka Publ., 2004. 328 p. (In Russian)

24 Solzhenitsyn A. Rossiia v obvale [Russia is in a landslide]. Moscow, Russkii put' Publ., 1998. 208 p. (In Russian)

25 Solov'ev V. S. Opravdanie dobra [Justification of the good], responsible edited O. A. Platonov. Moscow, IRTs, Algoritm Publ., 2012. 656 p. (In Russian)

26 Frank S. L. Dukhovnye osnovy obshchestva [Spiritual foundations of society]. Moscow, Respublika Publ., 1992. 511 p. (In Russian)

27 Sheler M. Ressentiment v strukture morale [Ressentiment in the structure of morals]. St. Petersburg, Nauka Publ., Universitetskaia kniga Publ., 1999. 231 p. (In Russian)

28 Shalak V. Stereotipy natsional'nykh kharakterov [Stereotypes of national characters]. Vaal.ru. Available at: http://www.vaal.ru/show.php?id171 (accessed 19 February 2021). (In Russian)

29 Shubart V. Evropa i dusha Vostoka [Europe and the soul of the East]. Moscow, Eksmo Publ., 2003. 480 p. (In Russian)

30 Iampol'skii M. V strane pobedivshego ressentimenta [In the land of victorious ressentiment]. Colta.ru. Available at: https://www.colta.ru/articles/specials/4887-v-strane-pobedivshego-resentimenta (accessed 19 February 2021). (In Russian)

PDF-file

Download