Title of the article:

CREATION OF THE REGULAR CITY IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18TH CENTURY. THE FIRST EXECUTED PLAN OF “GENERAL REСONSTRUСTION” OF MOSCOW. CONCEPT. IDEAS. RESULTS

Author(s):

Aleksei V. Belov

Information about the author/authors

Aleksei V. Belov — PhD in History, Associate Professor, Institute of the Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, D. Ulianova St., 19, 117136 Moscow, Russia. E-mail: belovavhist@mail.ru

Section

History of Arts

Year

2018

Volume

Vol. 49

Pages

Рp. 293–304

Received

September 08, 2017

Date of publication

September 15, 2018

Index UDK

711.1

Index BBK

85.118(2-2Мос)51

Abstract

In the second half of the 18th century Catherine II's government undertook large-scale reform of transformation of the city, during which it acquired new features that opened up the possibility of fuller executing of its functions. The program of creation of the so-called “regular city” came to be a component of these transformations. It pursued the objective of ordering city planning and building with a purpose of boosting the city`s development. Special attention was paid to capitals, St. Petersburg and Moscow. The second case highlighted the issue of big age of the settlement and long-standing city planning. For implementation of the program a number of bodies was created: “Commission for a structure”, “The stone order”, “Expedition of the Kremlin`s structure”, “Commission for the composition of the planning of the capital city of Moscow”. The leading architects and other experts of that time were involved including V. I. Bazhenov, M. F. Kazakov. Thus city redevelopment plan was prepared, re-planning of its center is carried out, and a number of new buildings was built. The rebuilding plan`s implementation made it necessary to build enterprises providing the project with construction materials. In spite of the big losses during fires in the cities in 1812, town-planning project of Catherine II became a basis of the new plan of restoration of Moscow. In the second half of the 18th century Moscow gradually lost features of the feudal fortified city acquiring numerous elements of its modern trademark look. 

Keywords

architecture, V. I. Bazhenov, city, Moscow, regular city, reform of the city, city culture.

References

1 Gerasimov Iu. N., Panukhin P. V., Shvidkovskii D. O. Ansambli Moskvy epokhi klassitsizma [Moscow`s ensembles of the classicism age]. Arkhitekturnye ansambli Moskvy XV – nachala XX vekov: Printsipy khudozhestvennogo edinstva [Architectural ensembles of Moscow of the XV – beginning of the XX centuries: Principles of artistic unity], ed. by T. F. Savarenskoi. Moscow, Stoiizdat Publ., 1997. 471 p. (In Russian)

2 Evsina N. A. Russkaia arkhitektura v epokhu Ekateriny II [Russian architecture in the era of Catherine II]. St. Petersburg, Nauka Publ., 1994. 224 p. (In Russian)

3 Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie pervoe (PSZ-I) [Complete set of laws of the Russian Empire. Coll. the first (PSZ-I) ]. St. Petersburg, Tipografiia II Otdeleniia Sobstvennoi Ego Imperatorskogo Velichestva Kantseliarii, 1830. Vol. XXII, no 16324. 532 p. (In Russian)

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